Donkey | Definition, Characteristics, & Facts (2024)

mammal

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Also known as: Equus asinus, burro

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donkey

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Also called:
burro
Related Topics:
mule
pack animal
American Mammoth Jackstock donkey
Sicilian donkey
feral donkey

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donkey, (Equus asinus), domestic ass belonging to the horse family, Equidae, and descended from the African wild ass (Equus africanus). It is known to have been used as a beast of burden since 4000 bce.

The average donkey stands 101.6 cm (40 inches) at the shoulder and weighs about 250 kg (551 pounds), but different breeds vary greatly. For example, the Sicilian donkey reaches only about 61 cm (24 inches) and weighs between 113 and 181 kg (250 and 400 pounds), while the average-sized American Mammoth Jackstock donkey is much larger, measuring about 142 cm (56 inches) and weighing 544 kg (1,200 pounds). In colour the donkey ranges from white to gray or black and usually has a dark stripe from mane to tail and a crosswise stripe on the shoulders. The mane is short and upright and the tail, with long hairs only at the end, is more cowlike than horselike. The very long ears are dark at the base and tip. Although slower than horses, donkeys are sure-footed and can carry heavy loads over rough terrain. The mule is a hybrid, the offspring of the mating of a male (jackass, or jack) donkey and a female horse. In some parts of the world where horses cannot easily survive or where extreme poverty prevents locals from owning horses, donkeys are the main beasts of burden and source of transportation.

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Although the names donkey and burro are interchangeable, the term burro is widely used in the southwestern United States to describe small donkeys, burro being the word for donkey in the Spanish language. Feral donkeys, found in various parts of the world, are descendants of escaped or abandoned domestic animals. In the western United States, many authorities consider that the large population of feral burros is driving the desert bighorn sheep to extinction by competing for the limited resources of its very arid habitat. However, scientists credit these animals, along with feral horses, with digging small watering holes, which later become oases for desert plants and animals.

On tropical islands where plants evolved in the absence of large mammalian herbivores, feral donkeys pose a real threat of extinction for native plants. Efforts to remove donkeys from habitats where they are not native has generated a great deal of controversy, pitting animal rights groups against biologists and other conservation groups who see donkeys as an alien species and a threat to biodiversity conservation.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by John P. Rafferty.

Donkey | Definition, Characteristics, & Facts (2024)

FAQs

Donkey | Definition, Characteristics, & Facts? ›

The mane is short and upright and the tail, with long hairs only at the end, is more cowlike than horselike. The very long ears are dark at the base and tip. Although slower than horses, donkeys are sure-footed and can carry heavy loads over rough terrain.

What are 5 interesting facts about donkeys? ›

Donkeys can vary hugely in size, from 26 inches to 68 inches tall 4. A donkey's bray can carry up to 60 miles in the desert 5. Donkeys have incredibly efficient digestive systems, utilising 95% of what they eat 6. Donkeys don't like being in the rain for long periods as their fur is not waterproof 7.

What are the character traits of a donkey? ›

Donkeys are not like horses; they differ physically, mentally and emotionally. Donkeys are more stoical in their behaviour and tend to startle less than horses. Compared to horses, donkeys show limited fear response to novel situations and this can be mistaken for stubbornness rather than fear.

What is the characteristic quality donkey? ›

Gentle and Affectionate Nature: Contrary to popular belief, donkeys possess a gentle and affectionate disposition. They form strong bonds with their human companions and often display a remarkable degree of empathy and loyalty.

What are the special abilities of a donkey? ›

The characteristic 'hee haw' braying sounds that donkeys make can communicate a wide variety of feelings, from affection through to alarm. It also makes them unique in that it requires an ability that donkeys have but horses and zebras lack: vocalising while both inhaling and exhaling.

What does donkey symbolize in the Bible? ›

The Biblical Accounts of Jesus Riding a Donkey

First, it fulfilled a prophecy from the Old Testament that the Messiah would ride a donkey into Jerusalem. This showed that Jesus was the Messiah. Second, the donkey symbolizes peace, humility, and servitude. Jesus demonstrated his dedication to peace and serving others.

How do donkeys show affection to humans? ›

And it's not just limited to their own kind—donkeys also seek solace and reassurance from their favourite humans, resting their heads on shoulders as a sign of trust and affection.

What makes a donkey happy? ›

Donkeys are very sociable creatures and, if you can, buying more than one should be highly considered. Donkeys can become sad when alone and having a companion will make them much happier. Two jennies, two geldings or a jenny and a gelding are all great options.

What is special about donkeys? ›

They are highly intelligent creatures, sociable and calm, capable of independent thinking and decision making. They are strong and won't do something they consider unsafe, which makes them a great, trusted companion. Donkeys are, quite simply, amazing.

What is significant about a donkey? ›

In contrast to Grecian works, donkeys were portrayed in Biblical works as symbols of service, suffering, peace and humility. They are also associated with the theme of wisdom in the Hebrew Bible's story of Balaam's ass, and are seen in a positive light through the story of Jesus riding into Jerusalem on a donkey.

Are donkeys intelligent? ›

The truth about donkey intelligence

Donkeys have an excellent memory, and great ability to learn. A 2013 study by The Donkey Sanctuary found that they can learn and problem-solve at the same pace as dolphins and dogs.

What is the stereotype of a donkey? ›

Actually, the idea of donkeys as a dumb animal come from their stubbornness. Although we are used to think of donkeys as animals in the service of man, they have a difficult character and are not easy to domesticate.

What two animals make a donkey? ›

A donkey is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female donkey (a jenny.). A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare.) A hinny is the offspring of a male horse (a stallion) and a female donkey (a jenny.).

What is the personality of a donkey? ›

People who know donkeys report that they are smart, personable, and affectionate. They understand dozens of voice commands, come running when they are called, and are fiercely loyal to those they trust. As social animals, donkeys enjoy company and develop strong emotional bonds with other animals.

What makes a donkey unique? ›

Donkeys' Vocalization Is Unique

The donkey's characteristic sound is called braying. It is unique among the equids because it requires an ability that donkeys have but horses and zebras lack: vocalizing while both inhaling and exhaling.

What do donkeys love to do? ›

Since they are such intelligent creatures, they tend to get bored quickly and need to be stimulated. Give them toys that they can push around or throw into the air. Rubber feed pans, cardboard boxes, hula hoops, beach balls, and ropes are great options. I love watching our donkeys play; it's hilarious!

What is unique about the donkey? ›

Donkeys are very intelligent.

They have a very unique ability and memory to take things that they learn and apply them to everyday life. Their memory is incredible; when people say "memory of an elephant," they should be saying "memory of a donkey!" Also, they are VERY fast learners.

What are donkeys most known for? ›

Donkeys have been a cornerstone throughout human existence, and they still prop up entire communities today, ferrying water, food and crops. They are highly intelligent creatures, sociable and calm, capable of independent thinking and decision making.

What do donkeys do all day? ›

Donkeys are browsers. That means that they are meant to eat all kinds of dry grasses, brush, tree branches and scrubby plants. In the wild, they travel great distances every day looking for all their food. If you look at donkeys in the wild, they are a very healthy weight, and their feet look great.

Do donkeys have 14 stomachs? ›

The comparative stomach capacity of donkey is 14 and the caecum and colon is about 80, whereas ruminants have the stomach capacity around 80 and that of caecum and colon is only 13.

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