climate change and plants 🌵 Flashcards | Knowt (2024)

meteorologists

study weather

what causes weather

water and air

climate

typical weather you can expect in a certain area based on data collected over many years

climate zones

polar, moderate, tropical, dry, continental

ecoregion

describes climate, soil, land formations and animals in a region in its current state

bioclimate profile

series of graphs showing only temp and precipitation 40-80 years into the future

factors affecting climate

latitude, altitude, large bodies of water, air currents, land formations, ocean currents (lalalo)

what is the atmosphere made from

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and other gases

layers of the atmosphere

troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

what layer of the atmosphere is most dense

troposphere

whats important about the stratosphere

contains the highest level of ozone, protecting earth from UV rays

ozone in troposphere

ozone in the troposphere usually comes from smog which is UV radiation mixed with car exhaust. this is toxic and bad from human health, buildings, plants and animals.

greenhouse effect

natural process where gases and clouds absorb infrared radiating emitted from Earths surface and radiate it, heating the atmosphere and Earth’s surface.

green house gases

carbon dioxide, water vapour, methane, nitrous oxide

how do greenhouse gases trap radiation

they have three atoms and different types of atoms allowing them to absorb radiation

convection currents

hot and less dense air rising, cool and more dense air sinking

thermohaline circulation

ocean currents around the globe act like a giant conveyor belt which slowly moves water and thermal energy from the equator to the poles

Plants are multicellular organisms with two features:

flowering plant 2 main body systems

the root system and the shoot system

system purposes

Dermal tissue system

forms the outer surfaces of plant parts.

Vascular tissue system

transporting water, minerals and nutrients throughout the plant.

Ground tissue system

composed of all the other structures within a plant.

weather

a set of conditions on a specific day. (describing atmospheric conditions including temp, precipitation, wind, and humidity on a day or a week.)

root system

roots are usually underground and anchor the plant, to absorb water and minerals from the soil, and to store food.

the shoot system

undergoes photosynthesis and produce flowers for sexual reproduction. The shoot system of flowering plants is made up of three parts: the leaf, the flower, and the stem.

photosynthesis equation

Light energy + 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

some leaves adapt to offer the plant

Support, protection, reproduction and attraction

male and female reproductive system

what happens after eggs are fertilized

After eggs are fertilized by pollen, seeds form within a specialized structure called a fruit.

stem

supports the plant and provides a way to transport the materials the plant needs by containing a vast amount of vascular tissue

Meristematic Cells

basically stem cells

Epidermal tissue

a thin layer of cells that covers the surfaces of leaves, stems, and roots

two types of vascular tissue

photosynthesis

the chloroplasts are located mostly in the palisade layer and the spongy mesophyll. The close packing helps palisade cells capture as much incoming light as possible, whereas the spaces between the spongy mesophyll cells permit gases to move around within the leaf. **The major site for photosynthesis is the palisade layer.

cuticle

a layer of wax on the upper and lower surfaces of a leaf that blocks the diffusion of water and gases, and prevents the leaf from drying out.

stomata

Gases enter and exit through special openings in the leaf surface through the stomata

guard cells

These openings are surrounded and controlled by pairs of special epidermal guard cells. The guard cells can either bend outward, causing stomata to open, or they can collapse inward, causing stomata to close.

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